Comprehensive Guide to Meningitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention

Meningitis is an inflammation of the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, known as the meninges. These membranes are crucial for safeguarding your central nervous system. The infection can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Bacterial meningitis is serious and spreads through close contact, while viral meningitis is more common and typically less severe. Fungal meningitis is rare and often affects those with weakened immune defenses.

Infections leading to meningitis may originate from ear, throat, or other nearby sources, and can spread through activities such as kissing, coughing, or sharing utensils. Anyone can develop meningitis, but children, teenagers, and adults over 55 are more vulnerable. People with incomplete vaccinations or weakened immune systems are at greater risk.

Symptoms include intense headaches, fever, neck stiffness, fatigue, vomiting, cold extremities, rapid breathing, and pale skin. Babies may show signs like refusal to be held, stiff body, loud crying, or lethargy. Early medical intervention is essential for effective treatment and recovery.