Understanding Heart Failure: Causes, Prevention, and Treatment Strategies

Understanding the causes, prevention methods, and treatment options for heart failure

Many assume that heart failure means the heart has completely stopped beating. However, it actually refers to a condition where the heart's ability to pump effectively diminishes. This weakness causes blood to flow less smoothly, increasing pressure on the heart and slowing circulation. Heart failure is now the top reason for hospitalization worldwide. Annually, approximately 670,000 individuals are diagnosed with this condition, which is medically termed heart failure.

Factors contributing to heart failure
Regular health checkups are essential to reduce risks related to heart health.

High blood pressure, or hypertension, raises the risk because it causes arteries to become narrower and promotes fat buildup.

Coronary artery disease is also a key contributor; these small arteries supply blood to the heart, and blockages from cholesterol or fatty deposits hinder circulation and can damage vessels.

Valvular issues can cause the ventricles to work harder to pump blood if valves malfunction.

Additional causes include heart conditions, severe infections, allergies, diabetes, thyroid disorders, and obesity.

Preventive measures for heart failure involve:

• Quitting smoking and seeking medical help if needed, as tobacco use harms cardiovascular health.
• Eating low-fat or fat-free dairy, increasing intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and reducing sodium, sugars, and unhealthy fats.
• Engaging in daily physical activity like walking, cycling, or swimming to boost blood circulation.
• Monitoring and maintaining a healthy weight with proper diet and regular exercise.
• Avoiding excessive alcohol consumption and illicit drugs, and informing your doctor about your drinking habits if undergoing treatment.

Diagnosing heart failure involves your doctor performing a physical exam and listening to your heart. They may recommend tests such as:

• Electrocardiogram
• Echocardiogram
• MRI
• Stress tests
• Blood work
• Cardiac catheterization

Treatment options for heart failure depend on the severity and underlying cause. Your doctor may prescribe medications like:

• ACE inhibitors, which relax blood vessels and improve blood flow
• Vasodilators, if ACE inhibitors are unsuitable
• Beta-blockers, to lower blood pressure
• Diuretics, to reduce fluid retention, including thiazide, loop, or potassium-sparing diuretics

Surgical interventions may be needed if medication isn't effective, especially to repair or replace faulty valves. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or changing treatments.

Top Hospitals for Heart Failure Treatment
Leading healthcare centers include: