Exploring the Rich History of Alcatraz Island

Located in San Francisco Bay, Alcatraz Island is famous for its historic prison that once housed some of America's most notorious criminals. Today, it draws visitors worldwide eager to explore its rugged past, which is filled with stories of crime, escape attempts, and military significance.

The island's history began in 1775 when Spanish explorer Juan Manuel de Ayala named it La Isla de los Alcatraces, meaning Island of the Pelicans. Over the years, the rocky island transitioned from a bird sanctuary to a military fortress and finally a notorious federal penitentiary.

In the 1850s, during Millard Fillmore's presidency, Alcatraz was designated for military use, with a fortress and lighthouse built for the West Coast's defense. The U.S. Army also held military prisoners here until the military abandoned the site, turning it over to civilian authorities. In 1934, it reopened as a maximum-security prison, housing infamous inmates like Al Capone and Birdman Robert Stroud.

Throughout its 29-year operation until 1963, numerous escape attempts occurred—36 convicts tried, with many caught or presumed drowned. A notable 1963 closure was due to high operational costs, given its island location. In 1972, Alcatraz was incorporated into the Golden Gate National Recreation Area.

Visitors fascinated by Alcatraz's turbulent past can reach the island via ferries from Pier 33. Tickets can be booked online or purchased on-site, with tours available morning, afternoon, and evening. Discover the island's legendary history firsthand during your visit to San Francisco.