Understanding Metastatic Melanoma: Diagnosis and Treatment Strategies
Metastatic melanoma is an advanced form of skin cancer with rapid progression and potential for metastasis. Early diagnosis through biopsies and imaging is key. Treatment options include surgery, immunotherapy, and targeted drugs, aimed at extending life and reducing symptoms. Ongoing research continues to improve outcomes. Patients should actively participate in care decisions and maintain a healthy lifestyle to enhance treatment efficacy.
Understanding Metastatic Melanoma: Diagnosis and Treatment Strategies
Malignant melanoma is a type of skin cancer originating from melanocytes, capable of appearing anywhere on the skin. While less common than other cancers, melanoma poses significant danger due to its rapid potential to metastasize, leading to severe health issues and mortality. Often caused by excessive sun exposure, UV damage alters skin cell DNA, promoting abnormal growth. It predominantly affects adults under 40, especially those with fair skin and females. Genetics also play a role; a family history increases risk.
- Surgery – Removal of tumors and lymph nodes to reduce symptoms and prolong life, often combined with other treatments.
- Immunotherapy – Enhances the body's immune response using high-dose injections or IV with drugs like nivolumab, pembrolizumab, and others, though side effects are possible.
- Targeted Therapy – Specifically targets cancer cells with fewer side effects than traditional chemotherapy, using drugs like dabrafenib and vemurafenib to shrink tumors.
- Supportive Care – Exercise and nutritional improvements bolster treatment effectiveness and patient resilience.
