Comprehensive Overview of Multiple Sclerosis Treatments

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the protective myelin sheath surrounding nerve fibers. This results in impaired electrical signal transmission from the brain to the body. Since MS is incurable, treatment strategies aim to manage symptoms, promote recovery during attacks, and slow disease progression.

Options for Managing MS Flare-Ups

• Plasmapheresis
  This procedure involves removing blood plasma and replacing it with a protein solution like albumin. It is used for severe MS symptoms unresponsive to steroids and other medicines.

• Corticosteroids
  These medications effectively reduce nerve inflammation during MS attacks but may cause side effects such as elevated blood pressure, swelling, mood swings, and sleep issues.
• Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs)
  DMTs aim to slow disease progression and diminish relapse frequency. Always consult a healthcare professional before starting these medications due to potential side effects.

• Interferon beta
  Commonly prescribed for MS, these injections help reduce symptoms, with typical side effects including injection site soreness and flu-like symptoms.
• Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus)
  Approved by the FDA for primary progressive MS, this intravenous medication helps delay disability and reduce relapses. Side effects may include low blood pressure, injection site discomfort, nausea, and fever.