Comprehensive Guide to Understanding Migraines

Migraines are a widespread neurological disorder that can significantly impact daily life. They often start with an aura—visual disturbances lasting 15-30 minutes—that can be quite disruptive. Unlike typical migraines, some people experience severe symptoms without aura, making daily activities more challenging.

Foods to Limit or Avoid

Certain foods can trigger or worsen migraine episodes. Key offenders include:

• Avocados
• Processed meats
• Red plums
• Soy sauce
• Raisins
• Pea pods
• Pickles and olives

Effective Treatment Strategies

There are two main approaches: preventive and abortive treatments.

The preventive approach involves daily medication to reduce frequency, while abortive therapy aims to stop headaches once they start.

Common abortive medications include ergots and triptans, which can be taken orally, via injection, or as nasal sprays. However, some drugs like zolmitriptan, rizatriptan, frovatriptan, and almotriptan should be avoided during this treatment. Preventive medicines such as timolol, propranolol, metoprolol, and verapamil are used when migraines are frequent and severe. Antidepressants like nortriptyline and amitriptyline, along with anti-seizure drugs such as Topamax, Neurontin, and Depakote, are also prescribed.

Medications for Migraine Relief

The severity of migraines ranges from mild to chronic, necessitating personalized treatment plans. Pain relievers like Tylenol, Motrin, Excedrin, and Aleve are often recommended to manage pain. Simple remedies such as resting in a dark, quiet room and applying pressure or gentle massage on the temples can provide temporary relief. Understanding and managing triggers, along with medical guidance, can greatly improve quality of life for migraine sufferers.