Understanding Metastatic Breast Cancer
This article provides an overview of metastatic breast cancer, covering its definition, symptoms, and treatment options. It explains how the cancer spreads beyond the breast, signs to watch for, and various therapies used to manage the disease. Designed to educate, it emphasizes the importance of professional medical consultation for diagnosis and treatment planning.
Understanding Metastatic Breast Cancer
Metastatic breast cancer, also known as stage IV or advanced breast cancer, occurs when cancer cells from the breast spread to other parts of the body such as lungs, bones, or brain. Despite spreading, treatment often involves the same drugs used for primary breast cancer. Annually, over 250,000 women in the U.S. are diagnosed with this stage of cancer. It can develop in individuals previously treated successfully for earlier stages, a phenomenon called distant recurrence.
- Hormonal Therapy: This includes Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) that block estrogen's effect on breast cells. Side effects can include hot flashes and uterine bleeding.
- Aromatase Inhibitors: These medications lower estrogen levels by preventing its production, potentially causing bone loss and fractures.
- Anti-estrogen Injections: Administered monthly, these drugs inhibit estrogen effects and may cause injection site pain and hot flashes.
- Hormonal Agents: Estrogens, progestins, and androgens used in later treatment lines.
- Chemotherapy: This approach slows cancer growth through cyclic drug administration, typically lasting three to four weeks.
