Understanding Swollen Lymph Nodes and Their Causes

The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's immune defenses. Lymph nodes, small bean-shaped glands, are essential components that transport lymph fluids, nutrients, and waste products between tissues and the bloodstream. These glands help filter harmful substances and combat infections. Swelling in lymph nodes, often called lymphadenopathy, particularly in the neck, can result from infections, injuries, or, in some cases, tumors developing near the nodes.

Since lymph nodes act as part of the body's immune shield, any swelling should be promptly evaluated. Common reasons include infections or tumors near vital organs in the lungs, breasts, neck, or abdomen. For instance, swelling above the collarbone indicates issues with supraclavicular lymph nodes. Similarly, infections in the legs, feet, or genital area can cause swelling in the inguinal or femoral lymph nodes.

Swollen lymph nodes in the neck often signal underlying immune system issues. Symptoms include tenderness, noticeable swelling, and sometimes pain. Respiratory infections may cause sore throat, fever, and a runny nose, while night sweats can indicate serious conditions like tumors or immune disorders. Since lymph nodes are integral to immune response, persistent swelling warrants medical attention promptly to determine the underlying cause, whether mild or severe.