Understanding COPD: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a complex respiratory condition characterized by airflow limitation due to lung tissue damage. It often arises from prolonged exposure to irritants like cigarette smoke, pollution, or genetic factors. In COPD, the airways become inflamed and mucus production increases, leading to reduced lung elasticity. As the disease progresses, patients experience difficulty breathing, lung infections, and reduced oxygen levels in the blood. Early signs include persistent cough, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Treatment focuses on reducing symptoms, preventing further damage, and improving quality of life through medications like bronchodilators and corticosteroids, oxygen therapy, and lifestyle changes. Severe cases may require hospitalization, respiratory therapy, or surgical interventions. Regular medical check-ups help manage the condition effectively.