Comprehensive Overview of Pleural Mesothelioma: Stages and Treatment Strategies

July. 16,2025

This article provides an overview of pleural mesothelioma, including its stages, symptoms, and treatment options. It explains the progression of the disease, surgical interventions, and supportive therapies to aid patients and their families in understanding this complex condition. Additionally, it highlights veteran-related risks and benefits associated with asbestos exposure. Suitable for those seeking detailed, accessible information on mesothelioma's diagnosis and management strategies.

Comprehensive Overview of Pleural Mesothelioma: Stages and Treatment Strategies

Comprehensive Overview of Pleural Mesothelioma: Stages and Treatment Strategies

Pleural mesothelioma results from asbestos exposure, leading to symptoms such as chest pain, pleurisy, breathlessness, fever, back discomfort, facial and limb swelling, persistent cough, blood in sputum, lung fluid accumulation, chest lumps, and unexplained weight loss.

This cancer advances through four stages. It can quickly spread to nearby lymph nodes and beyond, although brain involvement remains rare. Diagnosis typically depends on identifying the stage during biopsy examination.

Comprehensive Overview of Pleural Mesothelioma: Stages and Treatment Strategies
The initial stage involves cancer confined to the lung's pleural lining. Stage two sees spread into the lung tissue and diaphragm, with nearby lymph nodes affected. In stage three, the disease extends to adjacent organs and additional lymph nodes. By stage four, it has metastasized to distant organs and widespread lymphatic systems.
Veterans who served in the Navy comprise over 30% of pleural mesothelioma diagnoses due to asbestos use in ship insulation, leading to inhalation of fibers. Consequently, veterans are eligible for specific VA benefits.
While pleural mesothelioma is incurable, treatments aim to prolong life and improve quality. Surgical options such as Extra-pleural Pneumonectomy (EPP) remove the affected lung and surrounding tissues during early stages. Pleurectomy decortication excises the diseased pleura and surface tumors, sometimes in advanced stages to improve breathing and reduce discomfort. Postoperative therapies include chemotherapy—most effectively cisplatin combined with ALIMTA—and radiation therapy to decrease recurrence risks.