Effective Strategies for Managing and Treating Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive joint condition characterized by the breakdown of cartilage, leading to joint pain and stiffness. It affects approximately 27 million individuals nationwide, predominantly targeting knees, hips, back, neck, and big toes. The risk increases with age, especially for those over 65. Common symptoms include joint stiffness, soreness after activity, and swelling. While there is no cure, proper diagnosis and targeted treatment can significantly improve quality of life.

Treatment options involve a combination of medications, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications. Doctors may recommend oral medications, topical creams, injections, or lifestyle adjustments to manage symptoms and slow progression.

Medications commonly prescribed include NSAIDs like ibuprofen or naproxen to reduce pain and inflammation. Hyaluronic acid injections can lubricate joints and decrease discomfort, especially when joint fluid is depleted. Analgesics help manage pain, and corticosteroids are used for their potent anti-inflammatory effects, administered orally or via injection. Always consult healthcare providers before starting any medication.

Beyond medicines, physical therapy aids in enhancing joint function through specific exercises and the application of heat or cold therapy. Assistive devices such as braces, canes, or orthopedic footwear help support joint stability. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to restore mobility and relieve symptoms.