Essential Insights on Colorectal Cancer You Must Know

Colorectal cancer ranks among the most prevalent cancers in the United States, holding the third spot in cancer-related fatalities. Research indicates that African-American populations face a higher risk compared to other races. The American Cancer Society projects a 90% rise in cases among 20-34-year-olds by 2030. Understanding the disease is crucial for early detection and prevention. This article covers key facts about colorectal cancer, including its development, symptoms, risk factors, and prevention strategies.

What is colorectal cancer?
It is a malignancy that arises in the colon or rectum, parts of the large intestine, together termed as colorectal cancer. It affects the lower digestive tract and often begins with benign polyps which may become cancerous.

Recognizing symptoms early is vital. Common signs include:

â Bloody or dark stool

â Persistent changes in bowel habits such as diarrhea or constipation

â Bleeding from the rectum

These may be accompanied by unexplained weight loss, fatigue, abdominal discomfort, bloating, or the sensation of incomplete bowel emptying. Ignoring these symptoms could be life-threatening.

Consult a healthcare professional if any symptoms appear.

Causes & Risks
The precise cause of colorectal cancer remains unknown. It predominantly affects individuals over 50, with men at greater risk. Often, it starts with benign polyps, which can evolve into malignant cells. Risk factors include:

â Family history of colorectal cancer

â Presence of colon polyps

â Inflammatory bowel disease

â High intake of fatty foods

Treatment typically involves surgical removal of tumors, often combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy, depending on the stage and patient health. Recurrence remains a concern in some cases.

Prevention Methods
Adopting a healthy lifestyle, eating a diet rich in fiber, fruits, and vegetables, while limiting red and processed meats, alcohol, smoking, and excess fat can reduce risk. Regular exercise and maintaining a healthy weight are also beneficial.