Comprehensive Overview of Sildenafil and Its Uses

Sildenafil, known widely by its brand name Viagra, is a medication that inhibits phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). It is primarily used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension by relaxing blood vessels in the lungs. This action lowers lung blood pressure and enhances stamina. Typically available in doses from 25mg to 100mg, sildenafil boosts blood flow, facilitating stronger and sustained erections.

How sildenafil functions
Sildenafil prevents the breakdown of cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) in erectile tissues by blocking PDE5 enzymes. Nitric oxide activates guanylate cyclase, increasing cGMP levels, which relaxes smooth muscles and promotes blood flow to the penis, resulting in an erection. Sildenafil selectively inhibits PDE5, amplifying cGMP levels for longer-lasting, more effective erections.

This mechanism also helps reduce pulmonary artery pressure. Like other medications, sildenafil may have side-effects, though not everyone experiences them. Common side-effects include headaches, nasal congestion, indigestion, nausea, flushing, visual disturbances, or dizziness. In rare cases, extended erections lasting over 4 hours, sudden vision loss, or chest pain necessitate immediate medical attention. Combining sildenafil with illegal drugs can cause priapism, a painful, prolonged erection that may cause lasting damage. Seek urgent care if such scenarios occur.