Understanding Arthritis: Types, Symptoms, and Risk Factors

Explore the different types of arthritis, their symptoms, causes, and risk factors. Learn how this chronic condition affects joints and what can be done to manage symptoms effectively. While incurable, proper treatment and lifestyle changes can improve quality of life for those affected.

Understanding Arthritis: Types, Symptoms, and Risk Factors

Arthritis is a long-term condition that causes joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. These symptoms tend to increase with age and can significantly impact daily life. There are several forms of arthritis, each requiring different approaches to management. While it cannot be cured, treatment aims to reduce flare-ups and enhance mobility. In this article, we explore the various types of arthritis, associated symptoms, potential causes, and factors that elevate risk.

Types
The main arthritis types include:

Osteoarthritis
This prevalent form results from the gradual deterioration of cartilage, often due to aging, injury, or lifestyle. It commonly affects older adults but can also develop in younger individuals due to strain or trauma.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
An autoimmune disorder, RA involves the immune system attacking joint tissues, leading to inflammation, pain, and possible joint damage. It usually affects symmetrical joints, such as both knees or wrists, and may cause skin nodules in some cases.

Psoriatic arthritis
This form affects individuals with psoriasis, a skin condition marked by red, scaly patches. It can cause joint swelling, pain, and stiffness, often in the fingers, toes, or spine.

Gout
Gout occurs due to uric acid crystal buildup in joints, typically affecting the big toe. It causes sudden, intense pain and swelling that can last for days, with episodes possibly increasing over time.

Joint pain that worsens with activity

Swelling and tenderness in affected joints

Morning stiffness lasting over 30 minutes

Grinding or cracking sensations on joint movement

Persistent pain in previously injured joints

Causes and risk factors are not fully understood but include age, genetics, joint overuse, injuries, and lifestyle habits. Age increases wear and tear on joints, while genetics can pass susceptibility. Excessive joint stress, infections, or unhealthy diets also contribute. Although incurable, managing symptoms through medication, physical activity, and healthy habits can improve quality of life.